sf-data

---
name: sf-data
description: >
  Salesforce data operations with 130-point scoring.
  TRIGGER when: user creates test data, performs bulk import/export, uses sf data CLI
  commands, or needs data factory patterns for Apex tests.
  DO NOT TRIGGER when: SOQL query writing only (use sf-soql), Apex test execution
  (use sf-testing), or metadata deployment (use sf-deploy).
license: MIT
metadata:
  version: "1.2.0"
  author: "Jag Valaiyapathy"
  scoring: "130 points across 7 categories"
---

# Salesforce Data Operations Expert (sf-data)

Use this skill when the user needs **Salesforce data work**: record CRUD, bulk import/export, test data generation, cleanup scripts, or data factory patterns for validating Apex, Flow, or integration behavior.

## When This Skill Owns the Task

Use `sf-data` when the work involves:
- `sf data` CLI commands
- record creation, update, delete, upsert, export, or tree import/export
- realistic test data generation
- bulk data operations and cleanup
- Apex anonymous scripts for data seeding / rollback

Delegate elsewhere when the user is:
- writing SOQL only → [sf-soql](../sf-soql/SKILL.md)
- running or repairing Apex tests → [sf-testing](../sf-testing/SKILL.md)
- deploying metadata first → [sf-deploy](../sf-deploy/SKILL.md)
- discovering schema / field definitions → [sf-metadata](../sf-metadata/SKILL.md)

---

## Important Mode Decision

Confirm which mode the user wants:

| Mode | Use when |
|---|---|
| Script generation | they want reusable `.apex`, CSV, or JSON assets without touching an org yet |
| Remote execution | they want records created / changed in a real org now |

Do not assume remote execution if the user may only want scripts.

---

## Required Context to Gather First

Ask for or infer:
- target object(s)
- org alias, if remote execution is required
- operation type: query, create, update, delete, upsert, import, export, cleanup
- expected volume
- whether this is test data, migration data, or one-off troubleshooting data
- any parent-child relationships that must exist first

---

## Core Operating Rules

- `sf-data` acts on **remote org data** unless the user explicitly wants local script generation.
- Objects and fields must already exist before data creation.
- For automation testing, prefer **251+ records** when bulk behavior matters.
- Always think about cleanup before creating large or noisy datasets.
- Never use real PII in generated test data.
- Prefer **CLI-first** for straightforward CRUD; use anonymous Apex when the operation truly needs server-side orchestration.

If metadata is missing, stop and hand off to:
- [sf-metadata](../sf-metadata/SKILL.md) or [sf-deploy](../sf-deploy/SKILL.md)

---

## Recommended Workflow

### 1. Verify prerequisites
Confirm object / field availability, org auth, and required parent records.

### 2. Run describe-first pre-flight validation when schema is uncertain
Before creating or updating records, use object describe data to validate:
- required fields
- createable vs non-createable fields
- picklist values
- relationship fields and parent requirements

Example pattern:
```bash
sf sobject describe --sobject ObjectName --target-org <alias> --json
```

Helpful filters:
```bash
# Required + createable fields
jq '.result.fields[] | select(.nillable==false and .createable==true) | {name, type}'

# Valid picklist values for one field
jq '.result.fields[] | select(.name=="StageName") | .picklistValues[].value'

# Fields that cannot be set on create
jq '.result.fields[] | select(.createable==false) | .name'
```

### 3. Choose the smallest correct mechanism
| Need | Default approach |
|---|---|
| small one-off CRUD | `sf data` single-record commands |
| large import/export | Bulk API 2.0 via `sf data ... bulk` |
| parent-child seed set | tree import/export |
| reusable test dataset | factory / anonymous Apex script |
| reversible experiment | cleanup script or savepoint-based approach |

### 4. Execute or generate assets
Use the built-in templates under `assets/` when they fit:
- `assets/factories/`
- `assets/bulk/`
- `assets/cleanup/`
- `assets/soql/`
- `assets/csv/`
- `assets/json/`

### 5. Verify results
Check counts, relationships, and record IDs after creation or update.

### 6. Apply a bounded retry strategy
If creation fails:
1. try the primary CLI shape once
2. retry once with corrected parameters
3. re-run describe / validate assumptions
4. pivot to a different mechanism or provide a manual workaround

Do **not** repeat the same failing command indefinitely.

### 7. Leave cleanup guidance
Provide exact cleanup commands or rollback assets whenever data was created.

---

## High-Signal Rules

### Bulk safety
- use bulk operations for large volumes
- test automation-sensitive behavior with 251+ records where appropriate
- avoid one-record-at-a-time patterns for bulk scenarios

### Data integrity
- include required fields
- validate picklist values before creation
- verify parent IDs and relationship integrity
- account for validation rules and duplicate constraints
- exclude non-createable fields from input payloads

### Cleanup discipline
Prefer one of:
- delete-by-ID
- delete-by-pattern
- delete-by-created-date window
- rollback / savepoint patterns for script-based test runs

---

## Common Failure Patterns

| Error | Likely cause | Default fix direction |
|---|---|---|
| `INVALID_FIELD` | wrong field API name or FLS issue | verify schema and access |
| `REQUIRED_FIELD_MISSING` | mandatory field omitted | include required values from describe data |
| `INVALID_CROSS_REFERENCE_KEY` | bad parent ID | create / verify parent first |
| `FIELD_CUSTOM_VALIDATION_EXCEPTION` | validation rule blocked the record | use valid test data or adjust setup |
| invalid picklist value | guessed value instead of describe-backed value | inspect picklist values first |
| non-writeable field error | field is not createable / updateable | remove it from the payload |
| bulk limits / timeouts | wrong tool for the volume | switch to bulk / staged import |

---

## Output Format

When finishing, report in this order:
1. **Operation performed**
2. **Objects and counts**
3. **Target org or local artifact path**
4. **Record IDs / output files**
5. **Verification result**
6. **Cleanup instructions**

Suggested shape:

```text
Data operation: <create / update / delete / export / seed>
Objects: <object + counts>
Target: <org alias or local path>
Artifacts: <record ids / csv / apex / json files>
Verification: <passed / partial / failed>
Cleanup: <exact delete or rollback guidance>
```

---

## Cross-Skill Integration

| Need | Delegate to | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| discover object / field structure | [sf-metadata](../sf-metadata/SKILL.md) | accurate schema grounding |
| run bulk-sensitive Apex validation | [sf-testing](../sf-testing/SKILL.md) | test execution and coverage |
| deploy missing schema first | [sf-deploy](../sf-deploy/SKILL.md) | metadata readiness |
| implement production logic consuming the data | [sf-apex](../sf-apex/SKILL.md) or [sf-flow](../sf-flow/SKILL.md) | behavior implementation |

---

## Reference Map

### Start here
- [references/sf-cli-data-commands.md](references/sf-cli-data-commands.md)
- [references/test-data-best-practices.md](references/test-data-best-practices.md)
- [references/orchestration.md](references/orchestration.md)
- [references/test-data-patterns.md](references/test-data-patterns.md)
- [references/test-data-factory-usage.md](references/test-data-factory-usage.md)

### Query / bulk / cleanup
- [references/soql-relationship-guide.md](references/soql-relationship-guide.md)
- [references/relationship-query-examples.md](references/relationship-query-examples.md)
- [references/bulk-operations-guide.md](references/bulk-operations-guide.md)
- [references/cleanup-rollback-guide.md](references/cleanup-rollback-guide.md)
- [references/cleanup-rollback-example.md](references/cleanup-rollback-example.md)

### Examples / limits
- [references/crud-workflow-example.md](references/crud-workflow-example.md)
- [references/bulk-testing-example.md](references/bulk-testing-example.md)
- [references/anonymous-apex-guide.md](references/anonymous-apex-guide.md)
- [references/governor-limits-reference.md](references/governor-limits-reference.md)
- [assets/](assets/)

---

## Score Guide

| Score | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 117+ | strong production-safe data workflow |
| 104–116 | good operation with minor improvements possible |
| 91–103 | acceptable but review advised |
| 78–90 | partial / risky patterns present |
| < 78 | blocked until corrected |